أتامان





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هذه المقالة تحتاج للمزيد من الوصلات للمقالات الأخرى للمساعدة في ترابط مقالات الموسوعة. فضلًا ساعد في تحسين هذه المقالة بإضافة وصلات إلى المقالات المتعلقة بها الموجودة في النص الحالي. (سبتمبر 2017)


أتامان (بالروسية: атаман) أو أتامان هو لقب أو رتبة كان يطلق على قائد الجيش الشعبي الأوكراني أو القوزاق أو جماعة الهايداماك، والكلمة ذات أصل تركي.[1][2] وفي عهد الإمبراطورية الروسية كان الاسم يطلق على على قائد جيش القوزاق.



مراجع




  1. ^ www.massviolence.org) نسخة محفوظة 11 أبريل 2016 على موقع واي باك مشين.


  2. ^ "Ataman". Cossackweb.narod.ru. تمت أرشفته من الأصل في 28 يونيو 2018. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 06 يوليو 2012.  الوسيط |تاريخ الأرشيف= تم تجاهله (مساعدة); الوسيط |مسار الأرشيف= تم تجاهله (مساعدة); تحقق من التاريخ في: |archive-date= (مساعدة).mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}




  • أيقونة بوابةبوابة روسيا


  • أيقونة بوابةبوابة أوكرانيا



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هذه بذرة مقالة عن روسيا بحاجة للتوسيع. شارك في تحريرها.








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